Last copies - Permanent conservation of print collections in Canada

Last Copies (LC) are publications that have received this designation by a member of a network to ensure their continued physical availability. The aim is that members of a network can rationalize and reduce duplication of holdings through collective agreement on which institutions take responsibility for which publications.

Introduction

Documentary heritage exists in multiple copies of identical holdings in numerous institutions. Shared catalogues have been developed and maintained to track these geographically dispersed resources, although their scope is uneven. The growing use of digital versions of publications has commonly led libraries and archives to reappraise existing print copy (analogue) holdings. Institutions may opt to deselect material deemed to be widely available in digital format or that seems to have diminishing relevance for Canadians. The advantage of recovering physical space in facilities, however, may be counter-balanced by the risk that no single institution maintains a "last copy" of analogue holdings in Canada. It is desirable to have an inter-institutional commitment that one or more analogue copies of documentary heritage be designated as "last copy" and maintained in perpetuity by participating libraries. Participants are working toward a national strategy that incorporates regionally coordinated projects.

The following principles are a foundation for developing a Canadian collaborative last copy network. Under these principles, a participating institution will:

  1. Communicate its willingness to hold a last copy of documentary heritage
  2. Communicate to other participating institutions the documentary heritage they hold as last copies
  3. Undertake to hold last copies in an appropriate preservation environment
  4. Undertake to give reasonable access to last copies
  5. Agree not to dispose of last copies without reasonable notice to other participating institutions
  6. Undertake, if proceeding to dispose of last copy, to accommodate its transfer to another institution.

On May 13, 2013, the Management Board of Library and Archives Canada (LAC) endorsed the six Last Copy principles and communicated its commitment to Last Copy with the following statement:

"Library and Archives Canada will manage the print portion of nationally significant published heritage acquired under its mandate in accordance with the six last copy principles developed by the Analogue Collaboration Working Group of the Pan-Canadian Documentary Heritage Network."

This initiative is a collaboration of the Canadian library community and all documents are provided in the language of their choice.

Participants

  • Association of Parliamentary Libraries in Canada
  • BC Electronic Library Network
  • Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec
  • Conference of Rectors and Principals of Quebec Universities
  • Canadian Association of Research Libraries
  • Canadian Library Association
  • Canadian Urban Libraries Council
  • Concordia University
  • Council of Atlantic University Libraries
  • Council of Prairie and Pacific University Libraries
  • Dalhousie University
  • Greater Victoria Public Library
  • Library and Archives Canada
  • Library of Parliament
  • McGill University
  • Nipissing University
  • NovaNet
  • Ontario Council of University Libraries
  • Ontario Legislative Library
  • Simon Fraser University
  • Toronto Public Library
  • University of Alberta
  • University of Manitoba Library
  • University of New-Brunswick
  • University of Toronto
  • University of British Colombia
  • Vancouver Public Library

Overlap study

Library and Archives Canada, in collaboration with libraries across Canada, is working on the Last Copies Initiative and would like to undertake a Canadian overlap study to have a better understanding of the extent of Canada's print collection.

The overlap study will provide an overall snapshot of the extent of collection duplication and an indication of future investigations which might refine our knowledge about Canadian library holdings.

Participants in the Overlap Study Working Group

  • Library and Archives Canada
  • Ontario Council of University Libraries
  • University of Toronto
  • McGill University Library
  • Council of Prairie and Pacific Libraries

Documents

Meetings and correspondence

All meeting documents (agendas, minutes, etc.) and correspondence on Permanent Conservation of Print Collections in Canada (Last Copies) are shared and available on this site.

Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

  • 1. What are the six principles on last copy developed by the Analogue Collaboration Working Group of the Pan-Canadian Documentary Heritage Network (PCDHN)?

    The following six principles were finalized on February 29, 2012. Under these principles, a participating institution will:

    1. Communicate its willingness to hold a last copy of documentary heritage
    2. Communicate to other participating institutions the documentary heritage they hold as last copies
    3. Undertake to hold last copies in an appropriate preservation environment
    4. Undertake to give reasonable access to last copies
    5. Agree not to dispose of last copies without reasonable notice to other participating institutions
    6. Undertake, if proceeding to dispose of last copy, to accommodate its transfer to another institution.
  • 2. Which organizations have participated in the development of the six principles?

    The participants in the PCDHN Working Group that developed the principles were:

    • University of British Columbia
    • Council of Prairie and Pacific University Libraries
    • University of Alberta
    • University of Manitoba
    • Association of Parliamentary Libraries in Canada
    • Library of Parliament
    • Canadian Association of Research Libraries
    • Canadian Historical Association
    • Library and Archives Canada
  • 3. What was the mandate of the Analogue Collaboration Group?

    The mandate of the group was to outline:

    • A framework whereby one or more analogue copies of publications be maintained in perpetuity by at least one member of the PCDHN, and
    • the principles by which this matter will be addressed collaboratively, including general responsibilities of those institutions that agree to hold last copies.
  • 4. What is the end state of this initiative?

    LAC hopes that its last copy declaration will encourage other institutions to follow suit. By sharing information, a pan-Canadian last copy initiative will ultimately provide a collective commitment to the preservation of a shared print archive. This will also allow institutions to deselect material preserved elsewhere.

  • 5. How does this align with LAC's mandate and its associated policy framework?

    LAC is mandated to preserve the documentary heritage of Canada and to facilitate cooperation among the communities involved in acquiring, preserving and providing access to that documentary heritage. LAC recognizes that, in the digital environment, collective efforts are required more than ever in order to develop sustainable solutions to the preservation challenges that libraries and archives face. Through this declaration LAC hopes that it is helping to provide a foundation from which we can collectively begin to establish a rational, collaborative and sustainable approach to managing current collections and future access. This undertaking aligns with LAC's Stewardship policy framework, currently under development.

  • 6. Explain more about the scope of LAC's holdings covered by this statement.

    The print portion of nationally significant published heritage includes both serials and monographs that are created by Canadians or are about Canada, wherever they were published or their language of origin. It also includes material that contextually reflects, supports, or facilitates national public discourses on Canada.

    All future acquisitions of printed published material will be managed under the last copy principles as well. In the future, LAC may broaden the scope to also include digital holdings.

  • 7. How does this last copy statement influence future acquisitions and the use of legal deposit?

    Decisions about future acquisitions will be made based on the application of LAC's policy on evaluation and acquisition. Legal deposit continues to be applied on the basis of LAC's legislative mandate.

  • 8. A tool will be needed to manage the titles of publications held as last copies. What will that tool be?

    LAC expects that participating institutions will need to use a common catalogue to identify publications they agree to hold as last copy.

  • 9. How will LAC ensure reasonable access to its last copies?

    Currently, whenever LAC has two copies of a publication, these copies are housed separately: one for preservation and one for access. This allows LAC's service copy to be available for on-site use by registered users or even digitally, when possible. LAC continues to look at ways to increase access to its holdings in accordance with its Access Policy Framework.

  • 10. How does LAC mean to ensure it holds last copy material in an appropriate preservation environment?

    LAC will provide reasonable protection through various methods. It will:

    • store its preservation collection in appropriate spaces, in quality storage facilities, with adequate HVAC, smoke detection, and fire suppression systems;
    • enforce adequate security measures;
    • maintain up-to-date disaster preparedness, response and recovery plans;
    • provide holdings maintenance and conservation treatment, as required;
    • implement procedures and systems for tracking holdings and ensuring their reasonable care; and
    • apply risk management practices to ensure sustainable access to holdings.
  • 11. How will LAC implement its commitment to not dispose of last copy without reasonable notice to other participating institutions?

    If reappraisal leads to a decision to fully deselect a title, LAC will inform other members of the PCDHN and give them an opportunity to request transfer of these resources to their holdings for ongoing care. The specific procedure to be followed will be defined in consultation with members of the PCDHN over the next few months.

  • 12. How will LAC, if proceeding to dispose of a last copy, accommodate its transfer to another institution?

    LAC agrees to facilitate these transfers. The specific procedure to be followed will be identified in consultation with members of the PCDHN.

  • 13. How does this relate to existing consortia of libraries for shared print collections?

    This initiative is meant to support and complement any existing consortia for shared print collections. Members of these consortia have been involved in the development of the six principles and/or have been consulted on LAC's draft statement on last copy.

  • 14. What are LAC's next steps with respect to a last copy commitment?

    LAC plans to consult with all interested members of the library community in Canada. It will share its statement and these Q&As with individuals involved in developing the principles, as well as with participants at the Canadian Library Association Conference at the end of May 2013.

    LAC will start negotiations in the summer of 2013 with other institutions to build a national network of last copy participating institutions.

Meeting in Victoria on May 28, 2014

  • Definition of "Canadiana" and LAC's approach to self-published publications

    "Canadiana" is material that is published in Canada, created by Canadians, or about Canada.

    Library and Archives Canada rarely proactively requests legal deposit from self-publishers. However, this material can be accepted under legal deposit if the following conditions are met:

    • the individual meets the definition of publisher, as stated in the Legal Deposit of Publications Regulations;
    • the work of the individual meets the Library and Archives of Canada Act definition of a publication (intended for public distribution and sale);
    • the work of the individual does not fall within the exemptions listed in the Legal Deposit of Publications Regulations.
  • Participants in attendance
    • Library and Archives Canada
    • University of Toronto
    • Council of Prairie and Pacific University Libraries (COPPUL)
    • Ontario Council of University Libraries (OCUL)
    • Council of Atlantic University Libraries (CAUL)
    • McGill University
    • Bureau de coopération interuniversitaire (BCI)
    • University of British Columbia (UBC)
    • BC Electronic Library Network
    • Canadian Library Association (CLA)
    • NovaNet
  • Meeting minutes

    Date: May 28, 2014
    Time: 9:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.
    Location: Victoria Conference Centre, Metchosin Room, 720 Douglas Street, Victoria, B.C.

    Items Summary Participant responsible
    Topic 1. Welcome/Introduction of attendees DG Stewardship, LAC
      Director General, Stewardship, Library and Archives Canada, welcomed everybody and reviewed the agenda.  
    Topic 2. Objectives of the session DG Stewardship, LAC
     
    • share what is happening at LAC and in regional groups
    • set a path forward for the development of a national strategy
    • enlist support from the community
    		  
    Topic 3.a Year in Review: When we started COO, LAC
      The Chief Operating Officer at LAC, reviewed the history of the last copy initiative, dating back to 2011. She highlighted six obligations of participating institutions that were developed:
    • communicate a willingness to hold a last copy of publications
    • communicate to other participating institutions the publications they hold as a last copy
    • undertake to hold last copies in an appropriate preservation environment
    • Undertake to give reasonable access to last copies
    • Agree not to dispose of a last copy without reasonable notice to other participating institutions
    • Undertake, if proceeding to dispose of a last copy, to accommodate its transfer to another institution

    LAC's Management Board committed to managing Canadiana acquired under LAC's mandate in accordance with these obligations and to providing leadership to a potential pan-Canadian last copy initiative. LAC is committed to doing this work with the community.

    		  
    Question How does LAC define Canadiana?  
    Action The Chief Operating Officer at LAC promised to provide LAC's definition of Canadiana to this group. DG Stewardship, LAC
    Question Have there been any overlap studies in Canada to determine what content is unique to which institutions?  
      No one was aware of any recent studies but thought this was a practical point that might be part of a research agenda.  
    Question Will there be an update on the National Union Catalogue (NUC) as part of this meeting?  
      LAC has posted an Advanced Contract Award Notification (ACAN) to look at outsourcing the technical platform for the National Union Catalog. LAC posted it on the Government of Canada procurement site and is working with Public Works to respond to vender comments. LAC is optimistic about the future and will communicate with the library community about specifics over the coming year.  
    Topic 3.b Year in Review: Participants All
      Chief Librarian at University of Toronto provided an update on the collaborative initiative between University of Toronto, Western University, University of Ottawa, Queens University and McMaster University to expand University of Toronto's remote repository in Downsview, Ontario. These five universities will have shared use of the facility and joint ownership and management of certain collection material. University administrators are still working through policy and financial aspects, and also need to better understand the overlap of collections. University of Toronto's holdings in WorldCat are not accurate. It would also be good to connect with American institutions creating repositories (e.g. California Digital Library, University of Illinois, West Project, etc.) University of Toronto
    Question Have you scoped what collection will be dealt with first?  
      We need to analyze the collective collections. We cannot put material in it that supports undergraduate education, for example. Material there now consists of digitized journals and books and low-use foreign language material, which often comprise the only copies in Canada.  
    Question Do you keep single copies or duplicates?  
      When the facility was opened, there was some duplication. Now, we only allow duplicates on a case-by-case basis, though it is difficult to articulate criteria on how to decide.  
      Associate Librarian at UBC gave a brief update on UBC's new storage facility that will open in March 2015. They are working on policies covering what will go into the facility. She is hopeful that there will be multi-institutional efforts. UBC
      In 2009, OCUL adopted the Thunder Bay Agreement, a strategy for managing low-use material. There is discussion about strengthening it. OCUL
    Comment Participation in the agreement was voluntary for OCUL members. There are no mechanisms for reporting or guaranteeing last copies. It makes no sense to duplicate WorldCat on a local level.  
      COPPUL's Shared Print Archive Network involves 21 university libraries in the western provinces. COPPUL is in the second active phase of the project. We are archiving low-use print journals that are generally duplicated digitally with an impetus to clear shelf space and preserve archived copies. In the first round, we archived 1700 titles, 60,000 volumes. Members are now weeding from their collections. We are beginning discussion on monographs. We have exposed our retention commitments in the Print Archives Preservation Registry (PAPR) from CRL. Executive Director, COPPUL
      Council of Atlantic University Libraries (CAUL) is not as far along in last-copy initiatives, but 12 universities share the same NovaNet catalogue. Our focus in the coming year is on federal government documents. CAUL
    Topic 3.c Year in Review: LAC involvement/role DG Stewardship, LAC
      LAC has a new collection storage facility. All of LAC's over 3 million preservation copies of Canadiana will be stored in this facility. The service copies are still at 395 Wellington. As of last week, 2.4 million items have been moved and stored in high density. We have linked those items to our collection management system. We learned a lot from U of T when we started working on this facility and now we have expertise too. We can make ourselves available to the community if others are starting similar projects.  
    Comment It might be useful to create a contact list of people with experience in facilities, overlap studies, etc. so the group can benefit.  
    Comment An inventory of storage facilities in Canada, in building and planning phases, would also be useful.  
    Action LAC will work on creating a central place for sharing information or links, list of contacts, facilities, etc. DG Stewardship, LAC
    Question The Vancouver Public Library (VPL) wanted to know what policies institutions have on self-published works.   
      Participants agreed that decisions are made on a case-by-case basis by acquiring areas, but once a publication was acquired, there was a commitment to preserve it.  
    Question Has there been any discussion with Toronto Public Library? Any other major public libraries? How do we bring them into the conversation?  
    Action Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ) and Canadian Urban Libraries Council (CULC) were informed of this meeting. LAC will follow up with them after this meeting. We will also share our thoughts on self-published works with VPL. DG Stewardship, LAC
    Topic 4.a Shared Commitments: COPPUL Presentation Executive Director, COPPUL
      Executive Director, COPPUL summarized the work she did with Sabrina Wong in their paper: Consortial shared print archiving: perspectives from Canada. She also noted the work of Constance Malpas and Brian Lavoie at OCLC with their Right Scaling Stewardship publication.  
    Topic 4.b Shared Commitments: Areas of Research DG Stewardship, LAC
    Question Director General, Stewardship at LAC, mentioned that LAC'S strategic research team could help with some areas of research for the group. He asked what areas of research we should focus on.  
    Comment There is reclamation work being done at some libraries, but it would be useful to know how many other places are undertaking work to conduct an overlap study.  
    Comment We would need to define what an overlap study would look like. Director General, Stewardship, LAC suggested a sub-group could work on this, as it was too technical for LAC's strategic research team.   
    Action Chief Librarian at University of Toronto volunteered someone from U of T to help and members from COPPUL, McGill University and OCUL would also participate. Director General, Stewardship at LAC will arrange next steps. DG Stewardship, LAC
    Comment We don't want to wait too long for the NUC to be up and running in new form before collection analysis is done.  
    Comment It was noted that what appears in collection analysis of holdings in WorldCat is separate from what is displayed, which is based on a subscription to search.  
    Comment LAC should hold discussions with BAnQ as their mandate is similar to LAC's with respect to legal deposit of Canadiana.  
    Comment We haven't heard anything about digitization. It would be great if last-copy publications were available digitally. Digitization of last copies is linked to the Trusted Digital Repository as well.  
    Comment A lot of last copies represent the long tail of low-use items. Comprehensive digitization of these copies is not practical.  
    Comment If we acquire in print, we are preserving in print. If we acquired digitally, we are not printing, but preserving digitally.  
    Comment More and more publishers are thinking of going digital only, and born-digital material will have to have last copies as well.  
    Topic 4.c Shared Commitments: Standards DG Stewardship, LAC
      With respect to standardized use of fields in systems, MARC is a dying standard. We should check with OCLC to see if they have done work already on exporting data out of MARC records. People at Canadiana.org may also have ideas.  
      Standards for facilities can also be shared, including temperature and relative humidity and disaster preparedness. There needs to be a balance between having standards too rigid for people to adopt and reasonable enough that people will have confidence the copies are being preserved.  
      End State definition  
    Question Director General, Stewardship, LAC asked meeting participants what the end state of a national strategy would be.  
    Comment In terms of an end state, it would be good if regionally coordinated projects could be incorporated into a national project. This will require us to identify next steps for NUC and determine how we register last copies.  
    Comment Nationally coordinated effort and guidelines.  

Overlap Study Subgroup teleconference on November 14, 2014

  • Correspondence from Director General of Stewardship, LAC to the Library Community

    One of the steps taken following our meeting on Permanent Conservation of Print Collections in Canada (Last Copy) was to bring together a sub-group to look at how to implement an overlap study within Canada that could be used to support our decisions and approach on Last Copy.

    That sub-group met via teleconference and we can now share the meeting minutes (see attached) of our discussions and below is a listing of the next steps and the approach recommended for moving forward on the overlap study. As always if you would like to add to the discussion, have advice and/or recommendations to help advance the Last Copy work please let us know.

    Next steps arising from the sub-group discussions on an overlap study for Permanent Conservation of Print Collections in Canada (Last Copy)

    1. We agreed that we should implement a phased approach, with the following libraries in the first phase:
      • Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL)
      • Library and Archives Canada
      • Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (NRC-CISTI)
      • Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ)
      • Toronto Public Library
      • Vancouver Public Library
      • Ottawa Public Library
      • Calgary Public Library

      Phase 2, would entail medium and smaller public libraries, who will have had time to update their records. Smaller libraries will help address regional content from local publishers and/or authors.

    2. A business case to be developed by March 31st to help in:
      • proceeding with contracting process,
      • identifying funding for the project.

      During this period, all institutions in phase 1 of the study will be approached to gauge interest in the overlap study, and also get them engaged in the broader conversation on Permanent Conservation of Print Collections in Canada (Last Copy).

    3. Overlap study undertaken by summer 2015

      4. If anyone has anything to add on what is required between now and end of March please let me know I will add it. Also if anyone is willing to share publicly or privately what their costs were for an overlap study, or even the statement of work they had developed in the past this would help in our work on the business case work.

      Suggested next steps are:

      • my team at LAC will start drafting the business case, and share a draft once it has a reasonable amount of substance attached to it.
      • Contact the phase 1 institutions to discuss our interest in having them participate in the overlap study.

      Also, please find a link provided by Associate Dean, Collection Services, McGill University, that will be of interest to members related to overlap studies and the discussions held: Sustainable Collection Services, Weeding and deselection bibliography.

      I will send a separate e-mail, related to another item we had discussed last May, the End State on the question of how to register last copy in standard fashion and within the appropriate systems (NUC, WorldCat). As we are proceeding with negotiations with OCLC on a replacement for Amicus, LAC will have specific requirements on LAC Copy and I would like your feedback on those requirements prior to proceeding to share with OCLC.

      I encourage you to share Permanent Conservation of Print Collections in Canada (Last Copy) e-mails broadly so that we may increase the extent of participation. The Last Copy is for everyone, let's make it count.

  • Meeting held by teleconference on November 14th, 1 p.m. (Eastern Time)

    Participants:

    • Executive Director, Ontario Council of University Libraries
    • Associate Chief Librarian for Collections and Materials Management, University of Toronto
    • Associate Dean, Collection Services, McGill University Library
    • Administrative Librarian, University of British Columbia, Representing Council of Prairie and Pacific University Libraries
    • Director General Stewardship Branch, Library and Archives Canada

    1. Participants agreed an overlap study would help in moving the last copy initiative forward and is a key deliverable.

    2. Necessity to define the parameters for an overlap study in Canada

    • Suggestion was made that this would be a phased approach.
      Phase 1 will encompass the Libraries members of the Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL), along with a number libraries such as Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BANQ) (covering Montreal), Toronto Public Library, Vancouver Public Library, Ottawa Public Library and Calgary Public Library as options to cover major urban centres.
      Phase 2 will encompass the smaller libraries to address with regional content.
    • Service providers for such work include Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) with limited capabilities, and Sustainable Collection Services, which some participants have used before. A request for proposals for such service might be required depending on cost estimates.

    3. Similar experience:

    • McGill University has lots of experience in getting an overlap study completed.
    • A study took place in December 2012 with Sustainable Collection Services.
    • 60 to 70 institutions participated including all CARL libraries.
    • Challenge: they have had troubles to do a study with the University of Montreal because the cataloguing is in French. They weren't able to get data from the Universities in Quebec. Also difficulty to compare the records.

    4. Systems:

    • Systems to search data from include Amicus, union catalogues, National Union Catalogue (NUC), OCLC/WorldCat.

    5. Challenges:

    • Language challenges in matching records.
    • Scale of the project.
    • Storage conditions in major centres, versus holding a copy in perpetuity.
    • Municipal libraries have material in many different languages.
    • What to do with the material which is less used? Should have flexibility to find a place to storage that material.
    • Need to think about all the smaller libraries, for the local/unique content they hold.

    6. Approach proposed:

    • Phase 1
      • CARL Libraries
      • National Members
        • Library and Archives Canada (LAC)
        • Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (NRC- CISTI)
      • Western Members
        • Alberta¦UBC¦Calgary¦Manitoba¦Regina¦Saskatchewan¦Simon Fraser University¦ Victoria
      • Ontario Members
        • Brock¦Carleton¦McMaster¦Guelph¦Ottawa¦Queen's¦Ryerson¦ Toronto¦ Waterloo¦Western¦Windsor¦York
      • Quebec Members
        • Concordia¦Laval¦McGill¦Montreal¦UQÀM¦Sherbrooke
      • Atlantic Members
        • Dalhousie¦Memorial¦UNB
      • Public Libraries
        • BANQ
        • Toronto Public Library
        • Vancouver Public Library
        • Ottawa Public Library
        • Calgary Public Library

        Phase 1 could cover over 85% of material held in libraries in Canada.

      • Phase 2
        • Smaller public libraries, who will have had time to update their records (this will address with regional content).

      7. Timelines:

      • Approach for implementing the study will be defined by end December 2014.
      • Business case including costs and funding options will be finalised by March 2015.

      8. Look into:

      • Mini consortium with Guelph. Speak to Head of Information Resources & Collections, University of Guelph Library on work done 3 years ago.

Feedback on systems requirements for last copies

  • To address the End State on the question of how to register last copy in standard fashion and within the appropriate systems (NUC, WorldCat), LAC has added a requirement, in its negotiations on a replacement system for AMICUS, specifically on Last Copy. The draft requirements prepared are below for your information, and comments if any.

    Feedback by early January will be much appreciated as the final requirements are being prepared to send out to OCLC before the negotiations begin.

    Requirements

    Functionality will be required both by LAC and members of the network to support the Last Copy Initiative.  As this initiative is currently under development, analysis must be undertaken to develop specific requirements.  However some examples of what may be required (by no means a comprehensive list) are provided below.

    Provide mechanism to:

    • identify participating organizations in the Pan Canadian Last Copy Initiative (in library policy directory for example). 
    • identify in the holdings display specific copies that participating organizations have committed to preserve
    • limit search results to last copies
    • identify all last copies held by an institution
    • identify when a participating institution holds the last available copy in Canada
    • distinguish between copies available for ILL and copies only available in last resort scenarios  (for example LAC will only loan service copies off-site as a last resort, while other partners in the initiative may continue to provide ILL services). 
    • request access to last copies (digitally, when possible, for on-site use, by users, or for off-site use, as a lender of last resort.)

    I encourage you to share Permanent Conservation of Print Collections in Canada (Last Copy) e-mails broadly so that we may increase the extent of participation. The Last Copy is for everyone, let's make it count.

Related research

In this section you will find related research that has been done and might be of interest to the library community.

Contact information

Should you have questions, comments, would like to share a document on this page, or you are a library that would like to participate in this initiative, please contact:

Last Copies Initiative
Library and Archives Canada
Ottawa, ON K1A 0N4
Email: Sylvain.Bélanger@bac-lac.gc.ca

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